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遵义,作为贵州第二大城市,是国务院列入首批公布的24个历史文化名城之一。这里不仅有很多历史景观遗址,还有着丰富的民族文化遗产和自然资源。
Zunyi, as the second largest city in Guizhou, is one of the first batch of 24 historical and cultural cities listed by the China State Council. There are not only many historical landscapes in Zunyi, but also rich ethnic cultural heritage and natural resources.
这一次我们将从遵义出发,一路向北,探寻一个古老的民族——仡佬族。
We will start our journey from Zunyi and go north to explore an old ethnic group - the Kelao people.
历史记载,仡佬族是多彩贵州古老的民族,也是较早开辟贵州这片土地的勤劳民族之一。
According to history, the Kelao is the old minorities in Guizhou, and one of the ethnic groups developing the land of Guizhou firstly.
对称之美——建筑
对称的美,是里里外外皆均衡妥帖,是从心底生出的庄重与大气,给予人庄严与和谐之感,仡佬族的建筑展现的正是这种对称美。
The beauty of symmetry means that everything is balanced and appropriate, and that everything is the solemnity and grandeur from the heart, which gives people a sense of dignity and harmony. The architecture of the Kelao people exactly shows this kind of beauty.
龙潭仡佬古寨九天水榭
图片:学习强国遵义学习平台
仡佬之源——归源殿
图片:学习强国遵义学习平台
俯瞰中国仡佬民族文化博物馆
图片:学习强国遵义学习平台
俯瞰仡佬族民居
图片:学习强国遵义学习平台
龙潭仡佬古寨一隅
图片:学习强国遵义学习平台
食宿礼仪——三幺台
热情好客的仡佬族人,盛情款待远道而来的客人为其奉上最高的食俗礼仪——三幺台。“三”指的是三台席,即茶席、酒席和饭席,“幺台”是仡佬族土语,“结束”或“完成”的意思。三幺台意思是一次宴席,要经过茶席、酒席、饭席才结束,故称“三幺台”。
The enthusiastic Kelao people warmly entertain guests from afar with the highest banquet etiquette - “Sanyaotai”. "San" means “three” in Chinese, which refers to three banquets here, including tea banquet, wine banquet and meal banquet. “Yaotai” is a Gelao dialect, means “end” and “complete”. “Sanyaotai” means a entire banquet should contain all those three banquets, so it is called “Sanyaotai”.
图片来源:遵义市委宣传部
茶席,意为接风洗尘,先喝完油茶、吃点素食以解宾客途中的口渴和饥饿。
The tea banquet represents welcome to the guests. Firstly take oil-tea and some vegetarian food to alleviate the thirst and hunger from trips.
图片:遵义市委宣传部
酒席,意为八方醉酒,每桌坐八个人、桌上至少九盘菜,望主客可以开怀畅饮、增进感情。
The wine banquet is hold for drinking cheerfully. There are eight people sit at each table, and there are at least nine dishes on each table. The host and guests can drink freely and enhance their relationship.
图片:遵义市委宣传部
饭席,意为四方团圆,也是最为讲究的一台,每桌菜品九碗,以示尊重。
The meal banquet, which means reunion, is the most exquisite banquet. There are at nine delicious dishes on each table to show respect.
方浩明和郑紫曦在吃茶席
远古回音——傩戏
仡佬族人把信仰传承千年,孕育了有着国家级非物质文化遗产之一和“戏曲的活化石”之称的“傩戏”。来自远古时期的这种仪式,承载着仡佬族人祈福纳祥的美好愿景。
The Kelao people have passed on their beliefs for thousands of years, and created the Nuo Opera finally, which is one of the national intangible cultural heritage and known as “the living fossil of opera”. This ceremony from the ancient times represents the beautiful wishes of the Kelao people to pray for blessings and auspiciousness.
仡佬族傩戏面具成品
在傩城技园里,仡佬族人正在准备傩戏
图片:贵州省文化和旅游厅
傩技园里正在表演傩戏
图片:贵州省文化和旅游厅
本周日晚21:40
《有朋自远方来》遵义篇
邀您和浩明、紫曦
一起走进遵义,去了解这神秘的仡佬族!
At 21:40 on November 27th, Sunday
"Be my Guest" - Chapter Zunyi
Let's go to Zunyi with Haoming and Zixi to explore secrets of the Kelao people.
出品:贵州卫视国际传播中心
部分图片及资料来源:贵州省文化和旅游厅、学习强国遵义学习平台、遵义市委宣传部
撰稿:王倩
摄像:张永瑞
翻译:靳阳、李秋辰
一审:张旖洵
二审:田胤星、李秋辰
三审:余晓莹